Earth and many other celestial bodies revolves around the sun ,but have you thought WHY???
It can be said that it is the reaction of the earth against sun's gravitational force preventing it from falling into the massive sun.It can be said as the earth's method to resist the intense gravitational force of the sun by increasing it's velocity and there by increasing the centrifugal force acting and keeping it in an equilibrium.
It can be explained with the help of General relativity.Sun is a massive body and so it bends the space time.Earth is like a ball falling into a funnel , the funnel here is bended space-time.Like the ball,earth falls down the funnel(bended space-time) eventually causing this revolutionary motion.
You don't want to fear that the earth will fall into the sun .Before the sun will already swallow the earth because of it's transition into a red giant.
Gravitational waves are waves travelling through the space time,which was predicted by Albert Einstein in his Theories of relativity.The most simply, it can be defined as the ripples in space time due to movements of massive celestial bodies such as Binary Pulsar system or black holes revolving around each other.
The Newtonian model of the universe does not predict waves through space time ,as the model believes in an absolute system.
But the relativity do.It has been found possible with mathematical formulations,but never has been found experimentally .Any way researches are going on with experiments to detect these waves with the help of complex machines like the one at LIGO.
The flat earth theory is the most interesting example that how common sense can mislead mankind.But this theory could be proved wrong just by seeing things with the eyes of science even with out using high tech machines.
Good observation is all you need to find the truth.Some simple ways are listed below.
Phases of moon
When we observes the different phases of moon we will be able to see the shadow of earth on it.If you observe it carefully you can see that the shadow is curved.This is the first proof that the earth is round.
The horizon
If you ever goes to a beach observe the horizon from the beach ,you will see that the horizon looks curved .This is the second proof.
The travel
If you travel from any part of the earth in a straight path you will reach the same spot from were you have started your journey.
The picture from space
The images of earth taken from outer space are the latest evidence that the earth is round.
Time can be defined as 'the duration of an action' in classic physics & as a 'part of space-time in modern physics'.Time leaves some unanswered questions to us.For example ,
Was there a beginning of time?
Could time run backwards?
Did time is just a property of energetic particles ?
Can we travel through time?
The big bang theory suggests that time beginned 'after' it.
(there is a possible arise of question on the word AFTER, as its a word for representing time.But AFTER/BEFORE are words used for comparing an event with actual time).
Some scientists and also theories like 'Quasi Steady State theory' had suggested that time existed even before big bang and big bang is just a usual phenomenon on the universe.
Some people even suggests that "there was a big bang even before the original big bang and hence there was a universe before the present universe & that universe crunched(the cosmological term is BIG CRUNCH) and then expanded into our current universe & our present universe may once again undergo big crunch were time&space may end or reemerge as a new , young universe "
[video based edition for easy understanding of the complex]
To know this better you must know more about special theory of relativity.Watch this video to know ......
So simply special theory of relativity suggests that time runs slower to a moving object than a stationary object.Also time runs slower to an object subjected to gravitational force.
There for if we travel at very high velocity or if we get subjected to high gravitational force,time runs slower to us than the normal universe so when we get free of the high gravitational force or high velocity we will have came years into the future .More methods can be found on the provided video.
Also the special theory of relativity comes in action in case of everyday objects such as a magnet.
Motion is defined as the change in position of a body with respect to its surrounding.
Motion is classified as one dimensional ,two dimensional & three dimensional in the basis of number of reference points.
One dimensional motion only needs an axis[x,y or z] to be represented.For example,a freely falling body.
In two dimensional motion, it requires two axes to represent motion.For example, motion of objects moving in a plane.
In three dimensional motion, it requires three axes to represent motion , motion of objects through space.The motion of a roller coaster is it's example.
We know that plants uses carbon(in the form of carbon dioxide) to carry out photosynthesis.But they also absorbs a radio active form of carbon dioxide, which is continuously created in the earth's atmosphere due to the collision of cosmic rays with carbon dioxide molecules.When animals eat plants it enters in their bodies and cycles all over the food chain .The radio active carbon or radiocarbon stays on the plant or animal body,even when they are dead,but under go radioactive decay with time.By calculating the percentage of radio carbon in a piece of old wood or fragment of bone scientist can know the age of organic substances.
Humans have their own unique finger prints, like wise elements have their own unique spectrographic finger prints.This means that when an electromagnetic wave[for example,light] is absorbed by an element,it will emit a wave back with another spectrum.
Scientists now have the spectrum of almost all the elements & compounds,which when compared with the light spectrum of a star allows scientists to understand the composition of a distant star.
This question is one that confused the greatest minds of modern physics& lead to discussions & debates between scientists which is going on even now.
Some scientists like Newton suggested that it was wave while others considered it as a particle.
Wave form of light is explained as the interaction of electrical & magnetic waves & is hence known as an electromagnetic wave.The particle form of light is known as photon & is originally packets of wave energy.
It is now found that, the form at which light appears is relative to the observer.There for modern physics consider it as a
Humans and some other apes are lucky enough to have multi colour vision.This has to deal with human evolution .Biologically our ancestors are pre-historic monkeys & they used to eat fruits.With black and white vision they were unable to understand which fruit was ripe and which was not ,so our eyes evolved to have red cone cells to make us aware. Plants also gained with this as, after this only mature fruits was eaten by our ancestors and there for seeds were not wasted.
also view this video[it's interesting]
Now food industry is exploiting this biological mechanism by packing their products in red packets as it will make their consumers hungry. You may have also noticed that operation theatres of hospitals and some equipments there, including a surgeon's mask are of green colour.This is because green colour increases concentration of surgeons & also it reduces the stress of patience.Yellow is the most 'happiest' colour, so most of our pencils are yellow .
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